On This Day in History June 28

June 28 – Events:

• 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul.
• 1389 – Ottoman and Serbian armies fight the bloody Battle of Kosovo, opening the way for the Ottoman conquest of Southeastern Europe.
• 1519 – Charles V elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
• 1635 – Guadeloupe becomes a French colony.
• 1651 – Battle of Beresteczko between Poles and Ukrainians, the biggest battle in the 17th century, starts.
• 1776 – Thomas Hickey, Continental Army private and bodyguard to General George Washington,  was hanged for mutiny and sedition.
• 1778 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Monmouth fought between the American Continental Army under George Washington and the British Army led by Sir Henry Clinton.
• 1807 – Second British invasion; John Whitelock lands at Ensenada on an attempt to recapture Buenos Aires and is defeated by the fierce resistance of the locals.
• 1838 – The coronation of Victoria of the United Kingdom.
• 1855 – The Sigma Chi Fraternity was founded at Miami University
• 1859 – First conformation dog show is held in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England.
• 1865 – The Army of the Potomac is disbanded
• 1880 – Ned Kelly the Australian bushranger captured at Glenrowan.
• 1881 – Secret treaty between Austria and Serbia.
• 1886 – First scheduled Canadian transcontinental passenger train departs from Montreal, Quebec for Port Moody, British Columbia.
• 1887 – Minot, North Dakota incorporated as a city.
• 1894 – Labor Day becomes an official US holiday.
• 1895 – El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua form the Central American Union.
• 1914 – Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and his wife Sophie are assassinated in Sarajevo by young Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip , the casus belli of World War I.
• 1919 – The Treaty of Versailles is signed in Paris, formally ending World War I between Britain, France, Italy, the United States and allies on the one side and Germany and Austria Hungary on the other side.
• 1922 – The Irish Civil War begins with the shelling of the Four Courts in Dublin by Free State forces.
• 1936 – The Japanese puppet state of Mengjiang is formed in northern China.
• 1940 – Romania cedes Bessarabia (current-day Moldova) to the Soviet Union.
• 1948 – Cominform circulates the “Resolution on the situation in the Communist Party of Yugoslavia;” Yugoslavia is expelled from the Communist bloc.
• 1950 – Seoul is captured by troops from North Korea.
• 1956 – Protests and demonstrations in Poznan. Also called Poznanski czerwiec (June of Poznan).
• 1960 – Cuba confiscates and nationalizes U.S.-owned oil refineries.
• 1964 – Malcom X forms the Organization of Afro-American Unity.
• 1969 – Stonewall riots begin in New York City.
• 1973 – Elections are held for the Northern Ireland Assembly, which will lead to power-sharing  between unionists and nationalists in Northern Ireland for the first time.
• 1976 – The Angolan court sentenced US and UK mercenaries to death sentences and prison terms in the Luanda Trial.
• 1978 – The United States Supreme Court, in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke bars quota systems in college admissions.
• 1982 – Today (Australian TV program) first went to air
• 1983 – The Mianus River Bridge collapses over the Mianus River in Connecticut, killing 3 drivers in their vehicles.
• 1986 – ¡A Luchar! holds its first congress in Bogotá, Colombia.
• 1988 – The worst confined-space industrial accident in U.S. history occurs at a metal-plating plant in Auburn, Indiana, killing five.
• 1989 – Slobodan Miloševic delivers the Kosovo Polje speech
• 1990 – Paperback Software International Ltd. found guilty by a U.S. court of copyright violation for copying the appearance and menu system of Lotus 1-2-3 in its competing spreadsheet program.
• 1992 – The Constitution of Estonia is signed into law.
• 1994 – Members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult release sarin gas attack at Matsumoto, Japan, 7 persons killed, 660 injured.
• 1996 – The Constitution of Ukraine is signed into law.
• 1997 – Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield II – Tyson is disqualified in the 3rd round for biting a piece from Holyfield’s ear.
• 2000 – Cuban exile Elián González returns to Cuba following a Supreme Court order.
• 2001 – U.S. Appeals Court overturns a lower court’s order to break up Microsoft in an antitrust case.
• 2004 – The 17th NATO Summit starts in Istanbul.
• 2004 – Sovereign power is handed to the interim government of Iraq by the Coalition Provisional Authority, ending the U.S.-led rule of that nation.
• 2004 – Estonia, Lithuania and Slovenia join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism
• 2005 – Canada becomes the third country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage.
• 2006 – The Republic of Montenegro was admitted as the 192nd Member of the United Nations by General Assembly resolution 60/264.

June 28 – Birthdays:

• 1476 – Pope Paul IV (d. 1559)
• 1490 – Albert of Mainz, bishop and elector of Mainz (d. 1545)
• 1491 – King Henry VIII of England (d. 1547)
• 1503 – Giovanni della Casa, Italian poet (d. 1556)  
• 1577 – Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter (d. 1640)
• 1641 – Marie Casimire Louise de la Grange d’Arquien, queen of Poland (d. 1716)
• 1703 – John Wesley, English founder of Methodism (d. 1791)
• 1712 – Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher (d. 1778)
• 1719 – Étienne François, duc de Choiseul, French statesman (d. 1785)
• 1806 – Napoleon Coste, French guitarist and composer (d. 1883)
• 1824 – Paul Broca, French physician (d. 1880)
• 1831 – Joseph Joachim, Austrian violinist (d. 1907)
• 1867 – Luigi Pirandello, Italian writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1936)
• 1873 – Alexis Carrel, French surgeon and biologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1944)
• 1875 – Henri Lebesgue, French mathematician (d. 1941)
• 1883 – Pierre Laval, Prime Minister of France (d. 1945)
• 1884 – Lamina Sankoh, early Sierra Leonean nationalist (d. 1964)
• 1891 – Carl Panzram, American serial killer (d. 1930)
• 1891 – Esther Forbes, American writer (d. 1968)
• 1891 – Carl Spaatz, American Air Force general (d. 1974)
• 1902 – Richard Rodgers, American composer (d. 1979)
• 1906 – Maria Goeppert-Mayer, German physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1972)
• 1909 – Eric Ambler, English writer (d. 1998)
• 1912 – Sergiu Celibidache, Romanian conductor (d. 1996)
• 1912 – Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, German physicist and philosopher (d. 2007)
• 1913 – Franz Antel, Austrian filmmaker
• 1913 – Walter Oesau, German pilot (d. 1944)
• 1914 – Aribert Heim, Austrian physician
• 1917 – Katherine Rawls, American swimming champion (d. 1982)
• 1920 – A. E. Hotchner, American editor, novelist and playwright
• 1921 – P. V. Narasimha Rao, Prime Minister of India (d. 2004)
• 1922 – Michael Vale, American actor (d. 2005)
• 1923 – Adolfo Schwelm Cruz, Argentine racing driver
• 1926 – Mel Brooks, American filmmaker
• 1927 – Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist, Nobel laureate
• 1928 – Dr Hans Blix, Swedish head of the United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission 2000-2003
• 1928 – Harold Evans, English journalist and writer; editor of The Sunday Times 1967-1981
• 1930 – Itamar Franco, President of Brazil
• 1931 – Junior Johnson, American NASCAR driver
• 1932 – Pat Morita, American actor (d. 2005)
• 1933 – Gusty Spence, Northern Irish loyalist politician
• 1934 – Carl Levin, United States Senator
• 1935 – John Inman, English actor (d. 2007)
• 1936 – Chuck Howley, American football player
• 1937 – Richard Bright, American actor (d. 2006)
• 1937 – George Knudson, Canadian golfer (d. 1989)
• 1937 – Ron Luciano, American baseball umpire (d. 1995)
• 1938 – John Byner, American comedian
• 1938 – Moy Yat, Chinese martial artist (d. 2001)
• 1938 – Leon Panetta, American White House Chief of Staff to Bill Clinton
• 1940 – Muhammad Yunus, Bangladeshi banker, economist and recipient of the Nobel Peace  Prize
• 1941 – Al Downing, American baseball player
• 1941 – Joseph Goguen, American computer scientist (d. 2006)
• 1942 – Chris Hani, leader of the South African Communist Party (d. 1993)
• 1942 – David Miner, American musician and record producer
• 1943 – Donald Johanson, American paleoanthropologist
• 1943 – Klaus von Klitzing, German physicist, Nobel laureate
• 1945 – David Knights, English bass guitarist (Procol Harum)
• 1946 – Bruce Davison, American actor
• 1946 – Gilda Radner, American comedienne (d. 1989)
• 1947 – Robert Bondi, American politician
• 1947 – Clarissa Dickson Wright, English celebrity chef
• 1947 – Anny Duperey, French film and television actress
• 1947 – Mark Helprin, American writer
• 1948 – Kathy Bates, American actress
• 1950 – Mauricio Rojas, Swedish politician
• 1952 – Pietro Mennea, Italian athlete
• 1954 – Alice Krige, South African actress
• 1955 – Shirley Cheriton, English actress
• 1955 – Eric Gates, English footballer
• 1955 – Thomas Hampson, American baritone
• 1956 – Noel Mugavin, Australian Rules Football player
• 1957 – Lance Nethery, Canadian ice hockey player and executive
• 1957 – Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria
• 1957 – Mike Skinner, American racecar driver
• 1960 – John Elway, American football player
• 1963 – Beverley Craven, English singer-songwriter
• 1964 – Mark Grace, American baseball player
• 1966 – John Cusack, American actor
• 1966 – Mary Stuart Masterson, American actress
• 1967 – Lars Riedel, German discus thrower
• 1968 – Adam Woodyatt, English actor
• 1968 – Chayanne, Puerto Rican singer
• 1969 – Danielle Brisebois, American actress
• 1970 – Mushtaq Ahmed, Pakistani cricketer
• 1970 – Steve Burton, American actor
• 1971 – Tichina Arnold, American actress
• 1971 – Fabien Barthez, French footballer
• 1971 – Kenny Cunningham, Irish footballer
• 1971 – Juan Carlos Echeverry, Colombian operatic tenor
• 1971 – Norika Fujiwara, Japanese actress and television personality
• 1971 – Ron Mahay, American baseball player
• 1971 – Aileen Quinn, American actress
• 1972 – Jon Heidenreich, American professional wrestler
• 1973 – Adrian Annus, Hungarian athlete
• 1974 – Rob Dyrdek, Professional skateboarder
• 1975 – Jon Nödtveidt, Swedish Musician, Former Lead Singer of Dissection
• 1976 – Shinobu Asagoe, Japanese tennis player
• 1976 – Seth Wescott, American snowboarder
• 1977 – Mark Stoermer, American bass player (The Killers)
• 1977 – Chris Spurling, American baseball player
• 1978 – Simon Larose, Canadian professional tennis player
• 1979 – Ha Ji-won, South Korean actress and singer
• 1979 – Randy McMichael, American football player
• 1979 – Florian Zeller, French novelist and playwright
• 1983 – Maui Taylor, Filipino model and singer
• 1985 – Phil Bardsley, English football player
• 1986 – Kellie Pickler, American singer
• 1986 – Shadia Simmons, Canadian actress
• 1988 – Lacey Schwimmer, American dancer
• 1990 – Jasmine Richards, Canadian actress
• 1994 – Madeline Duggan, English actress
• 1994 – Prince Hussein bin Al Abdullah II, Prince of Jordan

June 28 – Deaths:

• 548 – Theodora, Byzantine empress
• 767 – Pope Paul I
• 928 – Louis the Blind, King of Provence
• 1061 – Floris I, Count of Holland
• 1175 – Andrei Bogolyubsky, Russian prince
• 1194 – Emperor Xiaozong of Song China (b. 1127)
• 1385 – Andronikos IV Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1348)
• 1389 – Prince Lazar Hrebeljanovic of Serbia (b. 1329)
• 1586 – Primož Trubar, Slovenian Protestant reformer (b. 1508)
• 1598 – Abraham Ortelius, Flemish-born cartographer (b. 1527)
• 1716 – George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Northumberland, English general (b. 1665)
• 1813 – Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general (b. 1755)
• 1834 – Joseph Bové, Russian architect (b. 1784)
• 1836 – James Madison, President of the United States (b. 1751)
• 1880 – Texas Jack Omohundro, American frontier scout, actor, and cowboy (b. 1846)
• 1881 – Jules Armand Dufaure, French statesman (b. 1798)
• 1892 – Alexandros Rhizos Rhankaves, Greek poet and statesman (b. 1810)
• 1889 – Maria Mitchell, American astronomer (b. 1818)
• 1913 – Manoel Ferraz de Campos Salles, President of Brazil (b. 1841)
• 1914 – Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (assassinated) (b. 1863)
• 1914 – Countess Sophie Chotek, wife of Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (assassinated) (b.  1868)
• 1915 – Victor Trumper, Australian cricketer (b. 1877)
• 1916 – Stefan Luchian, Romanian painter (b. 1868)
• 1922 – Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian poet (b. 1885)
• 1929 – Edward Carpenter, English poet (b. 1844)
• 1960 – Jake Swirbul, American aircraft manufacturer (b. 1898)
• 1962 – Mickey Cochrane, American baseball player (b. 1903)
• 1962 – Cy Morgan, American baseball player (b. 1878)
• 1965 – Red Nichols, American musician (b. 1905)
• 1971 – Franz Stangl, Austrian commandant of concentration camps (b. 1908)
• 1974 – Frank Sutton, American actor (b. 1923)
• 1975 – Konstantinos Apostolos Doxiadis, Greek architect (b. 1913)
• 1975 – Rod Serling, American television scriptwriter (b. 1924)
• 1976 – Stanley Baker, Welsh actor and film producer (b. 1927)
• 1978 – Clifford Dupont, First President of Rhodesia (b. 1905)
• 1980 – José Iturbi, Spanish pianist and conductor (b. 1895)
• 1981 – Terry Fox, Canadian athlete and cancer activist (b. 1958)
• 1982 – Harry Mills, American singer (Mills Brothers) (b. 1913)
• 1985 – Lambros Konstantaras, Greek actor (b. 1913)
• 1989 – Joris Ivens, Dutch filmmaker (b. 1898)
• 1992 – Mikhail Tal, Latvian chess player (b. 1936)
• 1993 – GG Allin, American punk rock singer (b. 1956)
• 2000 – Jane Birdwood, British anti-Semitic activist (b. 1913)
• 2000 – Nils Poppe, Swedish actor (b. 1908)
• 2001 – Mortimer Adler, American philosopher (b. 1902)
• 2001 – Joan Sims, English actress (b. 1930)
• 2003 – Wim Slijkhuis, Dutch athlete (b. 1923)
• 2004 – Anthony Buckeridge, English author (b. 1912)
• 2005 – Brenda Howard, American LGBT activist (b. 1946)
• 2006 – Jim Baen, American science fiction publisher and editor (b. 1943)
• 2006 – George Page, American television host (b. 1935)
• 2006 – Peter Rawlinson, Baron Rawlinson of Ewell, English barrister, politician and author (b.  1919)
• 2006 – George Unwin, British WWII fighter ace (b. 1913)
• 2007 – Eugene Bennett Fluckey, American Navy Submariner (b. 1913)
• 2007 – Kiichi Miyazawa, 78th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1919)

June 28 – Holidays:

• Vidovdan, Orthodox religious holiday commemorating St. Vitus
• Catholic saints:
  • Saint Benignus
  • Saint Irenaeus of Lyon
  • Saint Paulus I
  • Saint Marcella
  • Saint Vincenza Gerosa