On This Day in History June 16

June 16 – Events:

• 1487 – Battle of Stoke Field, the last dying breath of the Wars of the Roses.
• 1586 – Mary Queen of Scots recognizes Philip II of Spain as her heir.
• 1745 – British troops take Cape Breton Island, which is now part of Nova Scotia, Canada.
• 1745 – Sir William Pepperell captures the French Fortress Louisbourg in Louisbourg, Nova Scotia during the War of the Austrian Succession.
• 1746 – War of Austrian Succession: Austria and Sardinia defeat a Franco-Spanish army at the Battle of Piacenza.
• 1755 – French and Indian War: French surrender Fort Beauséjour to the British, leading to the expulsion of the Acadians.
• 1774 – Formation of Harrodsburg, Kentucky.
• 1779 – Spain declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the siege of Gibraltar begins.
• 1815 – Battle of Ligny and Battle of Quatre Bras, two days before Waterloo.
• 1836 – Formation of the London Working Men’s Association begins the Chartist Movement.
• 1846 – The Papal conclave of 1846 concludes. Pope Pius IX is elected pope, beginning the longest reign in the history of the papacy (not counting St. Peter).
• 1858 – Abraham Lincoln’s House Divided speech in Springfield, Illinois.
• 1858 – Battle of Morar takes place during the Indian Mutiny.
• 1871 – University Tests Act allows students to enter the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Durham without religious tests, except for courses in theology.
• 1891 – John Abbott becomes Canada’s third prime minister.
• 1903 – Ford Motor Company incorporates.
• 1903 – Roald Amundsen commences first east-west navigation of the Northwest Passage by leaving Oslo, Norway.
• 1904 – Eugen Schauman assassinates Nikolai Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.
• 1904 – Irish author James Joyce begins a relationship with Nora Barnacle, and subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novel Ulysses.
• 1911 – A 772 gram stony meteorite struck earth near Kilbourn, Columbia County, Wisconsin damaging a barn.
• 1915 – Foundation of the British Women’s Institute
• 1922 – General election in Irish Free State: large majority to pro-Treaty Sinn Féin.
• 1924 – Whampoa Military Academy is founded.
• 1925 – The most famous Young Pioneer camp of the USSR, Artek established.
• 1930 – Sovnarkom establishes decree time in the USSR.
• 1940 – World War II: Marshal Henri Philippe Pétain becomes Premier of Vichy France.
• 1940 – A Communist government is installed in Lithuania.
• 1948 – The storming of the cockpit of the Miss Macao passenger seaplane, operated by a subsidiary of the Cathay Pacific Airways, marks the first skyjacking of a commercial plane.
• 1955 – Pope Pius XII excommunicates Juan Perón.
• 1961 – Rudolf Nureyev defects at Le Bourget airport in Paris.
• 1963 – Soviet Space Program: Vostok 6 Mission, Cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first woman in space.
• 1972 – Red Army Faction member Ulrike Meinhof is captured by police in Langenhagen.
• 1972 – Largest single-site hydro-electric power project in Canada starts at Churchill Falls, Labrador.
• 1976 – Soweto uprising: A non-violent march by 15,000 students in Soweto, South Africa turns into days of rioting when police open fire on the crowd and kill 566 children.
• 1977 – Oracle Corporation was incorporated in Redwood Shores, California as Software Development Laboratories (SDL) by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates.
• 1989 – Historic reburial of Imre Nagy, the former Hungarian Prime Minister in Budapest.
• 1994 – A Chinese operated Tupolev TU-154 crashes 10 minutes after takeoff killing 160.
• 1997 – Dairat Labguer massacre in Algeria; some 50 people killed.
• 1999 – Maurice Greene sets a new 100m world record at 9.79 seconds. This is the largest drop in a 100m world record in the history of electronic timing from Donovan Bailey’s 9.84.

June 16 – Birthdays:

• 1139 – Emperor Konoe of Japan (d. 1155)
• 1161 – Pope Innocent III (d. 1216)
• 1332 – Isabella de Coucy, English princess (d. 1382)
• 1514 – John Cheke, English classical scholar (d. 1557)
• 1583 – Axel Oxenstierna, Swedish statesman (d. 1654)
• 1591 – Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, Italian physician, mathematician, and music theorist (d. 1655)
• 1606 – Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall, Irish soldier (d. 1675)
• 1612 – Murad IV, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1640)
• 1613 – John Cleveland, English poet (d. 1658)
• 1633 – Jean de Thévenot, French traveler and scientist (d. 1667)
• 1644 – Henrietta Anne Stuart, Princess of Scotland, England and Ireland and Duchess of Orléans (d. 1670)
• 1713 – Meshech Weare, Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1786)
• 1723 – Adam Smith, Scottish philosopher and economist
• 1738 – Mary Katharine Goddard, American printer and publisher (d. 1816)
• 1792 – John Linnell, English artist (d. 1882)
• 1792 – Sir Thomas Mitchell, Australian explorer (d. 1855)
• 1801 – Julius Plücker, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1868)
• 1806 – Edward Davy, English physician, chemist, and inventor (d. 1885)
• 1813 – Otto Jahn, German archaeologist (d. 1869)
• 1820 – Athanase Coquerel, French Protestant preacher (d. 1875)
• 1826 – Constantin von Ettingshausen, Austrian geologist and botanist (d. 1897)
• 1829 – Geronimo, Apache leader (d. 1909)
• 1836 – Wesley Merritt, American soldier (d. 1910)
• 1837 – Ernst Laas, German philosopher (d. 1885)
• 1838 – Cushman Davis, American politician (d. 1900)
• 1840 – Ernst Otto Schlick, German engineer (d. 1913)
• 1858 – King Gustaf V of Sweden (d. 1950)
• 1874 – Arthur Meighen, ninth Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1960)
• 1880 – Otto Eisenschiml, Austrian-American chemist and historian (d. 1963)
• 1888 – Alexander Alexandrovich Friedman, Russian physicist (d. 1925)
• 1888 – Peter Stoner, American mathematician and astronomer (d. 1980)
• 1890 – Stan Laurel, British-born actor and comedian (d. 1965)
• 1894 – Norman Kerry, American actor (d. 1956)
• 1896 – Murray Leinster, American author (d. 1976)
• 1897 – Elaine Hammerstein, American actress (d. 1948)
• 1897 – Georg Wittig, German chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1987)
• 1902 – Barbara McClintock, American geneticist, Nobel laureate (d. 1992)
• 1902 – George Gaylord Simpson, American paleontologist (d. 1984)
• 1903 – Helen Traubel, American soprano (d. 1972)
• 1907 – Jack Albertson, American actor (d. 1981)
• 1909 – Archie Fairley Carr, biologist (d. 1987)
• 1910 – Juan Velasco, President of Peru (d. 1977)
• 1912 – Enoch Powell, British politician (d. 1998)
• 1915 – John Tukey, American statistician (d. 2000)
• 1916 – Hank Luisetti, American basketball player (d. 2002)
• 1917 – Katherine Graham, American publisher (d. 2001)
• 1917 – Aurelio Lampredi, Italian mechanical engineer (Ferrari; d. 1989)
• 1917 – Irving Penn, American photographer
• 1920 – John Howard Griffin, American writer (d. 1980)
• 1920 – Raymond U. Lemieux, Canadian scientist (d. 2002)
• 1920 – José López Portillo, President of Mexico (d. 2004)
• 1923 – Ron Flockhart, Scottish racing driver (d. 1962)
• 1924 – Faith Domergue, American actor (d. 1999)
• 1927 – Tom Graveney, English cricketer
• 1927 – Herbert Lichtenfeld, German author and playwright (d. 2001)
• 1929 – Ramon Bieri, American actor (d. 2001)
• 1930 – Vilmos Zsigmond, Hungarian/American cinematographer
• 1934 – Dame Eileen Atkins, English actress
• 1934 – Roger Neilson, Canadian ice hockey coach (d. 2003)
• 1934 – William Forsyth Sharpe, American economist, Nobel laureate
• 1934 – Elvira Vinogradova, Russian TV persona
• 1935 – Jim Dine, American artist
• 1937 – Erich Segal, American author
• 1937 – Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Tsar of Bulgaria
• 1938 – James Bolam, English actor
• 1938 – Joyce Carol Oates, American novelist
• 1938 – Torgny Lindgren, Swedish writer
• 1939 – Billy Crash Craddock, American country singer
• 1940 – Neil Goldschmidt, Governor of Oregon
• 1941 – Aldrich Ames, CIA officer and spy for the Soviet Union
• 1941 – Lamont Dozier, American record company executive
• 1941 – Mumtaz Hamid Rao, Pakistani journalist
• 1942 – Giacomo Agostini, Italian motorcyclist
• 1942 – Eddie Levert, American singer (The O’Jays)
• 1943 – Joan Van Ark, American actress
• 1945 – Claire Alexander, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1945 – Lucienne Robillard, Canadian politician
• 1946 – Derek Sanderson, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1948 – Ron LeFlore, American baseball player
• 1949 – Paulo César, Brazilian footballer
• 1951 – Roberto Durán, Panamanian boxer
• 1952 – George Papandreou, junior, Greek politician
• 1952 – Gino Vannelli, Canadian singer and songwriter
• 1953 – Ian Mosley, British drummer (Marillion)
• 1953 – Valerie Mahaffey, American actress
• 1955 – Laurie Metcalf, American actress
• 1958 – Jóhannes Helgason, Icelandic guitarist
• 1959 – Warrior, American professional wrestler
• 1960 – Peter Sterling, Australian rugby league footballer
• 1961 – Steve Larmer, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1962 – Wally Joyner, American baseball player
• 1962 – Femi Kuti, Nigerian Afrobeat Musician
• 1962 – Arnold Vosloo, South African actor
• 1962 – Anthony Wong Yiu Ming, Hong Kong composer and producer
• 1963 – Jim Fullington, American professional wrestler
• 1966 – Adrienne Shelly, American actress, director and screenwriter (d. 2006)
• 1966 – Jan Železný, Czech athlete
• 1967 – John Franklin, American actor
• 1969 – Mark Crossley, Welsh footballer
• 1970 – Clifton Collins Jr., American actor
• 1970 – Cobi Jones, American soccer player
• 1970 – Phil Mickelson, American golfer
• 1971 – Derek R. Audette, Canadian artist and poet
• 1971 – Chris Gomez, American baseball player
• 1971 – Tupac Shakur, aka 2Pac, American rapper (d. 1996)
• 1972 – John Cho, Korean-American actor
• 1972 – Simon Khan, English golfer
• 1972 – Ann Shoket, American magazine editor
• 1973 – Nikos Machlas, Greek footballer
• 1976 – Edwin Tenorio, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1977 – Kerry Wood, American baseball player
• 1978 – Daniel Brühl, German actor
• 1978 – Dainius Zubrus, Lithuanian ice hockey player
• 1978 – Jasmine Leong, Chinese Malaysian singer
• 1979 – Lyndsey Marshal, British film/stage/television actress
• 1980 – Nehir Erdogan, Turkish actress
• 1980 – Brad Gushue, Canadian curler
• 1980 – Martin Stranzl, Austrian footballer
• 1980 – Joey Yung, Hong Kong singer
• 1980 – Daré Nibombé, Togolese footballer
• 1981 – Benjamin Becker, German tennis player
• 1981 – Kevin Bieksa, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1981 – Ben Kweller, American singer/songwriter
• 1982 – May Andersen, Danish supermodel
• 1982 – Matt Costa, American singer/songwriter
• 1982 – Missy Peregrym, Canadian actress
• 1982 – Chris Wingert, American soccer player
• 1983 – Armend Dallku, Albanian footballer
• 1984 – Steven Whittaker, Scottish Footballer
• 1984 – Rick Nash, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1986 – Urby Emanuelson, Dutch footballer
• 1986 – Farhad Reza, Bangladeshi Cricketer
• 1986 – Rodrigo Defendi, Brazilian footballer
• 1986 – Fernando Muslera, Uruguayan footballer
• 1987 – Diana DeGarmo, American singer
• 1987 – Per Ciljan Skjelbred, Norwegian footballer
• 1988 – Keshia Chante, Canadian singer
• 1988 – Leeland Dayton Mooring, American musician (Leeland)

June 16 – Deaths:

• 1216 – Pope Innocent III
• 1397 – Philip of Artois, Count of Eu, French soldier (b. 1358)
• 1468 – Jean Le Fevre, Burgundian chronicler (b. ca. 1395)
• 1622 – Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline, Chancellor of Scotland (b. 1555)
• 1623 – Christian, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, German Protestant military leader  (b. 1599)
• 1666 – Richard Fanshawe, English poet, translator, and diplomat (b. 1608)
• 1671 – Stenka Razin, Cossack rebel leader (executed)
• 1707 – Marie d’Orleans-Longueville, Duchess de Nemours, sovereign princess of Neuchâtel and writer (b. 1625)
• 1722 – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, English general (b. 1650)
• 1749 – Johann Baptista Ruffini, Italian trader (b. 1672)
• 1752 – Giulio Alberoni, Spanish cardinal (b. 1664)
• 1752 – Joseph Butler, English philosopher (b. 1692)
• 1777 – Jean-Baptiste-Louis Gresset, French poet and dramatist (b. 1709)
• 1778 – Konrad Ekhof, German actor (b. 1720)
• 1779 – Sir Francis Bernard, Governor of New Jersey and Massachusetts (b. 1712)
• 1804 – Johann Adam Hiller, German composer (b. 1728)
• 1824 – Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance, Third Consul of France (b. 1739)
• 1849 – Wilhelm Martin Leberecht de Wette, German theologian (b. 1780)
• 1850 – William Lawson explorer of New South Wales, Australia (b. 1774)
• 1855 – John Gorrie, American physician (b. 1803)
• 1858 – John Snow, English epidemiologist (b. 1813)
• 1866 – Joseph Méry French poet (b. 1798)
• 1869 – Charles Sturt, English explorer (b. 1795)
• 1872 – Norman MacLeod, Scottish clergyman (b. 1812)
• 1878 – Crawford Long, American physician (b. 1815)
• 1881 – Sir Josiah Mason, English manufacturer (b. 1795)
• 1885 – Wilhelm Camphausen, German painter (b. 1818)
• 1902 – Ernst Schröder, German mathematician (b. 1841)
• 1925 – Chittaranjan Das, Indian patriot and freedom fighter (b. 1870)
• 1925 – Emmett Hardy, American musician (b. 1903)
• 1928 – Dr. Mark Keppel, County Superintendent of Los Angeles County Schools from 1902-1928 (b. 1867)
• 1929 – Bramwell Booth, the 2nd General of The Salvation Army (b. 1856)
• 1930 – Ezra Fitch, Abercrombie & Fitch founder (b. 1866)
• 1930 – Elmer Ambrose Sperry, American inventor (b. 1860)
• 1939 – Chick Webb, American jazz drummer and big band leader (b. 1905)
• 1940 – DuBose Heyward, American writer (b. 1885)
• 1944 – Marc Bloch, French historian (executed) (b. 1886)
• 1952 – Andrew Lawson, Scottish-American geologist, first to map the entire San Andreas Fault (b.  1861)
• 1953 – Margaret Bondfield, English politician and feminist (b. 1873)
• 1955 – Ozias Leduc, Quebec painter (b. 1864)
• 1958 – Imre Nagy, Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1895)
• 1959 – George Reeves, American actor (b. 1914)
• 1961 – Marcel Junod, Swiss physician (b. 1904)
• 1969 – Harold Alexander, British military commander (b. 1891)
• 1970 – Heino Eller, Estonian composer (b. 1887)
• 1970 – Brian Piccolo, American football player (b. 1943)
• 1971 – Lord Reith, British broadcast executive (b. 1889)
• 1977 – Wernher von Braun, German-born rocket scientist (b. 1912)
• 1979 – Ignatius Kutu Acheamphong, Ghanaian dictator (b. 1931)
• 1979 – Nicholas Ray, American film director (b. 1911)
• 1981 – Jule Gregory Charney, American meteorologist (b. 1917)
• 1982 – James Honeyman-Scott, English guitarist and songwriter (The Pretenders) (b. 1956)
• 1984 – Lew Andreas, American basketball coach (b. 1895)
• 1986 – Maurice Duruflé, French composer and organist (b. 1902)
• 1988 – Miguel Piñero, Puerto Rican playwright, actor, and co-founder of the Nuyorican Poets Cafe. (b. 1946)
• 1990 – Megan Leigh, American porn star (b. 1964)
• 1993 – Lindsay Hassett, Australian cricketer (b. 1913)
• 1994 – Kristen Pfaff, American bass guitarist (Hole) (b. 1967)
• 1996 – Mel Allen, American baseball announcer (b. 1913)
• 1996 – Curt Swan, American comic book artist (b. 1920)
• 1999 – David Edward Sutch, British musician (b. 1940)
• 2000 – Empress Kojun of Japan (b. 1903)
• 2003 – Pierre Bourgault, French Canadian politician (b. 1934)
• 2003 – Georg Henrik von Wright, Finnish-Swedish philosopher (b. 1916)
• 2004 – Thanom Kittikachorn, Prime Minister of Thailand (b. 1912)
• 2005 – Enrique Laguerre, Puerto Rican writer (b. 1906)
• 2006 – Igor Smialowski, Polish actor (b. 1917)
• 2006 – Alireza Shapour Shahbazi, Iranian archaeologist, (b. 1942)
• 2007 – Grand Ayatollah Fazel Lankarani, (b. 1931)

June 16 – Holidays:

• South Africa – Youth Day.
• Bloomsday, in honour of Leopold Bloom, the hero of James Joyce’s Ulysses set on 16 June, 1904.
• Feasts of the Roman Catholic Church:

o   Saint Benno

o   Saint John Regis, patron of medical social workers.

o   Saint Julitta and Saint Quiricus

o   Saint Lutgart of Tongeren (died 1246, patron saint of the Flemish National Movement)